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Harmy'sDespecialized Edition is a fan-createdfilm preservation of the original Star Wars trilogy films: Star Wars (1977), The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return of the Jedi (1983). It is a high quality replica of the out-of-print theatrical versions created by a team of Star Wars fans, with the intention of preserving the films, culturally and historically. The project was led by Petr Harmáček, an English teacher from Plzeň, Czech Republic under the online alias Harmy.
The original Star Wars trilogy was created by George Lucas and released theatrically between 1977 and 1983. For the 'Special Edition' theatrical re-release of the films in 1997, Lucas introduced noticeable changes to address his dissatisfaction with the original cuts. These included additional scenes and altered dialogue, and new sound-effects and computer-generated imagery. These changes were included in subsequent releases of the films for home viewing. As of 2020 the original theatrical releases are not commercially available, and have never been released in high definition.
(The Empire Strikes Back (1980) – Despecialized Edition v2.0) You can feel the love in every single frame of these things, and it matters. It feels right that fans’ love and care is now palpably woven into the life and history of these special, cherished films. It feels right that fans’ love and care is now as much a part of the Star Wars Trilogy as lightsabers and the Force. Harmy's Despecialized Edition is a fan-created film preservation of the original Star Wars trilogy films: Star Wars (1977), The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return of the Jedi (1983). It is a high quality replica of the out-of-print theatrical versions created by a team of Star Wars fans, with the intention of preserving the films, culturally. Apr 06, 2011 STAR WARS - DESPECIALIZED EDITION REMASTERED Fanedits and preservations must not be bought or sold. Please report every fanedit or preservation you find for sale to webmasters of originaltrilogy.com. Fanedits and preservations are an artform and to be shared among legal owners of the officially available releases only. We know Kathleen Kennedy and ko. Have access to despecialized Star War s. And not just Harmy’s Star Wars; the folks at LucasFilm have access to that prime cut of 1977’s Star Wars: A New Hope that they probably keep hidden away in that giant underground warehouse from Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark.
Some of the alterations were met with a negative response from both critics and fans. Harmáček felt that altering the films in this way constituted 'an act of cultural vandalism'. In 2010, he began to create a high definition reconstruction of the films' theatrical versions. Harmáček and a team of eight other fans used the 2011 Blu-ray releases for the majority of material, the lower-definition 1993 LaserDisc releases as a guide to the original version, and various other sources. The first version was published online in 2011, and updated versions have been released since.
As a derivative work, Harmy's Despecialized Edition cannot be legally bought or sold in the United States and other countries with treaties respecting US copyrights, and is 'to be shared among legal owners of the officially available releases only'.[1] Consequently, the films are only available via various file sharing methods. Reaction to the project has been positive, with critics generally praising the quality and aesthetics of the work.
Background[edit]
Star Wars logo
Star Wars Despecialized Edition
The original Star Wars trilogy was a Lucasfilm production released theatrically by 20th Century Fox between 1977 and 1983, and was subsequently released on home media during the 1980s and 1990s. The films were distributed by CBS/Fox Video on several formats, such as VHS, Betamax, and LaserDisc.[2] In 1997, to coincide with the 20th anniversary of Star Wars, Lucas re-released new cuts of the trilogy to theaters, naming them the 'Special Editions'. The purpose of this release was to alter the films to meet Lucas' ideal vision that he could not achieve during their original productions. A number of changes to the original releases included additions of enhanced digital effects, previously unreleased scenes, altered dialogue, unreleased and newly recorded music by John Williams, updated sound-effects by THX and Skywalker Sound, and entirely new CGI sequences from Industrial Light & Magic.[3]
Reaction to the 'Special Edition' versions remain controversial with commentators praising the picture and sound restoration, but criticising unnecessary additions such as computer-generated characters, creatures, and vehicles as well as alterations to the essential story;[4] most notably a short scene involving the bounty hunter Greedo shooting at Han Solo from the first film drew significant ire.[5] Further changes to the series were added to the DVD release in 2004 to establish continuity with the prequel trilogy and to the Blu-ray releases from 2011. The final release of the theatrical cuts was in 2006, when unrestored masters used for the 1993 'Definitive Collection' trilogy on LaserDisc were added as a DVD bonus feature to a limited run – fans named this release 'George's Original Unaltered Trilogy' (GOUT).[6]
Despite a high demand and many online fan petitions, Lucasfilm has refused to release the theatrical versions of Star Wars in a high quality. In 2010, Lucas stated that bringing the original cuts to Blu-ray would be a 'very, very expensive' process;[7] as of 2020, the films are still only widely available in their altered versions.[8]
Production[edit]
Conception[edit]
Petr Harmáček (known online by the alias 'Harmy') had watched a dubbed version of the original cut of Star Wars at the age of six, and had then seen the Special Editions of The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi on their 1997 release.[9] Although initially admiring them, he became disappointed when he learned how much the films had been changed retroactively; he argued that replacing the original effects with re-composited digital effects was 'an act of cultural vandalism'.[10] A fan of the original trilogy, he had written his undergraduate thesis on their cultural impact.[11] After seeing a trailer for Adywan's cut of The Empire Strikes Back, Harmáček was inspired to create a version of the film that 'undid' the post-1977 changes and restored the theatrical releases in high-definition.[12] He described his motivation as: 'I wanted to be able to show people who haven't seen Star Wars yet, like my little brother or my girlfriend, the original, Oscar-winning version, but I didn't want to have to show it to them in bad quality.'[10] Harmáček's edits were the first to recreate the theatrical releases in HD.[9]
Editing[edit]
'Look at this awesome film that was made in the '70s . I want to show that to people. I wanted to show my brother. He was three when I started working and I showed it to him when he was five and he loved it.'
Return Of The Jedi Despecialized
— Petr 'Harmy' Harmáček explaining his motivation for creating the Despecialized Edition[11]
Harmáček began creating his new cuts in 2010.[7] At the time, he was working as an English teacher in Plzeň and had no professional experience with film editing.[9] Instead, he taught himself programs such as Avisynth and Adobe After Effects as the project progressed, beginning with Photoshop skills that he had developed in college.[3][11] To remove the post-1977 changes, Harmáček was required to go through the film frame-by-frame, correcting colors and rotoscoping.[2][13] Need for speed rivals mac os x download. Undoing some shots took only an hour, while others took hundreds. Lightsabers were color-corrected, shots of the Millennium Falcon cockpit were un-cropped, Boba Fett's original voice was restored, and CGI characters and backgrounds were removed.[3]
Sources[edit]
Most of the source material used for Harmy's Despecialized Edition was taken from Lucasfilm's official Blu-ray release of the films in 2011, while other sequences were upscaled from previous home video releases.
These include:
- The 2-disc 'Limited Edition' DVD release from 2006. This set contains a low resolution copy of the theatrical cuts on a bonus disc. Harmy refers to this disc as 'George's Original Unaltered Trilogy' (GOUT).[14]
- The official trilogy on DVD box set from 2004, primarily the HDTV broadcasts of those versions of the films.
- The 1997 'Special Edition' re-releases, most notably digital broadcasts of those cuts along with their LaserDisc releases.
- The 1993 LaserDisc 'Definitive Collection' box set.
- Digital transfers of a Spanish 35 mm Kodak LPP and 70 mm film cels, a 16 mm print.
- A collection of still images of the original matte paintings.
Harmáček edited these sources together using programs such as Avisynth and Adobe After Effects.[10]
To help, Harmáček was assisted by a group of like-minded fans from the website OriginalTrilogy.com. In total, the project took thousands of hours of work between them.[10] In 2011, one year after the project had begun, the first version of Harmy's Despecialized Edition was published online;[15] new and updated versions were created regularly in the five years that followed.[5] As of February 2017, the most recent 'despecialized' versions of Star Wars, The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi are v2.7, v2.0 and v2.5 respectively.[11] As a result of the project, Harmáček was able to quit his teaching job and in 2015 was hired by UltraFlix to prepare and restore a library of 4K-encoded films for sale and rent. He has since joined UPP, a Prague-based VFX house, as a 2D digital compositor and worked on such projects as Blade Runner 2049, Wonder Woman, and AMC's The Terror.[3][7]
Legality[edit]
The legality of downloading Harmy's Despecialized Edition is contentious.[2] As a fan edit, the cut cannot be legally bought or sold, and treads a line between fair use and copyright infringement.[16] OriginalTrilogy.com states that the edits are 'made for culturally historical and educational purposes' and that they are 'to be shared among legal owners of the officially available releases only'.[7] Consequently, the films are only available via various BitTorrent trackers and through specialized rapid download programs using file sharing sites.[4][17] Harmáček himself remarked: 'I'm convinced that 99% of people who download this already bought Star Wars 10 times over on DVD.'[11] As of January 2020, he had received no legal challenge from either Lucasfilm, Disney, or 20th Century (all of whom are now sister companies) over the Despecialized Edition.[10]
Reception[edit]
Reaction to Harmy's Despecialized Edition has been universally positive. Writing for Inverse, Sean Hutchinson placed it at number one on his list of the best Star Wars fan edits, and described it as 'the perfect pre-1997 way to experience the saga'.[5] Whitson Gordon of Lifehacker called the edits 'the best version of Star Wars you can watch', and named them 'the version of Star Wars we've all been clamoring for the last 20 years'.[4] Similarly, Nathan Barry of Wired praised the films as 'an absolute joy to watch',[13] while Gizmodo described them as 'very, very good'.[15] In an article listing Ars Technica's favorite Star Wars items, Sam Machkovech selected Harmy's Despecialized Edition, calling it 'a treat'.[17]
Star Wars Despecialized Edition Torrent
References[edit]
- ^'The Ultimate Introductory Guide to Harmy's Star Wars Trilogy Despecialized Editions'. docs.google.com. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
- ^ abcGoldberg, Matt (December 14, 2015). 'Yes, an HD Version of the Unaltered 'Star Wars' Original Trilogy Lurks Online'. Collider. Archived from the original on December 21, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^ abcdMiller, Daniel (December 2015). 'Restoring Star Wars'. Sydney: Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from the original on December 14, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^ abcGordon, Whitston (December 14, 2015). 'Watch the Original Star Wars Trilogy As It Was Before George Lucas Screwed It Up'. Lifehacker. Archived from the original on December 14, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
- ^ abcHutchinson, Sean (January 22, 2016). 'These Are the 5 Best 'Star Wars' Fan Edits'. San Francisco: Inverse. Archived from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^Smith, Chris (December 15, 2015). 'How to watch the original Star Wars trilogy from before George Lucas altered it'. Boy Genius Report. Archived from the original on December 16, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
- ^ abcdBrew, Simon (May 20, 2015). 'Star Wars: Fan creates 'despecialized' original trilogy'. London: Den of Geek. Archived from the original on May 23, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^Hutchinson, Lee (May 10, 2014). 'Could Disney finally give us the remastered, unedited Star Wars we want?'. Ars Technica. Archived from the original on May 11, 2014. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
- ^ abcJun, Dominik (November 8, 2014). 'The Czech guerilla restorationist battling to 'save Star Wars''. Prague: Radio Prague. Archived from the original on November 13, 2014. Retrieved April 25, 2016.
- ^ abcdeHosie, Ewen (November 17, 2015). ''Star Wars: Despecialized Edition' Restores the Original, Unedited Trilogy'. Vice. New York City. ISSN1077-6788. OCLC30856250. Archived from the original on November 18, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^ abcdeEveleth, Rose (August 27, 2014). 'The Star Wars George Lucas Doesn't Want You To See'. The Atlantic. Washington, D.C.: Atlantic. ISSN1072-7825. OCLC783915762. Archived from the original on August 28, 2014. Retrieved March 20, 2016.
- ^Johncock, Benjamin (December 21, 2015). 'On Star Wars, The Craft of Writing and What Novelists Can Learn From 'The Force Awakens''. The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^ abBarry, Nathan (February 12, 2013). 'Star Wars – The Fandom Editors'. Wired. Archived from the original on October 31, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^Barry, Nathan (May 2, 2013). 'Star Wars – The Fandom Editors – A Real New Hope'. GeekDad. Archived from the original on May 5, 2013. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^ ab'Two Entirely Different Ways to Watch the Original Star Wars'. Australia: Gizmodo. December 18, 2015. Archived from the original on December 21, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^Broughall, Nick (December 18, 2015). 'Awakening the Force in my son was easier with the Harmy Despecialized Editions'. TechRadar. Archived from the original on January 27, 2016. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
- ^ abMachkovech, Sam (November 26, 2015). 'Star Wars beyond the films: Ars' staff picks its fave games, toys, more'. Ars Technica. Archived from the original on November 29, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
External links[edit]
- Harmy's channel on YouTube
- Star Wars Trilogy Despecialized Edition on Facebook
- Why watching the best version of Star Wars is actually illegal via Looper
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harmy%27s_Despecialized_Edition&oldid=974624077'
Hardware Wars | |
---|---|
Counterclockwise from top left: Fluke Starbucker, Chewchilla the Wookiee Monster, Ham Salad, and Augie 'Ben' Doggie. | |
Directed by | Ernie Fosselius |
Produced by | Ernie Fosselius Michael Wiese |
Written by | Ernie Fosselius |
Starring | Scott Mathews Cindy Furgatch(Freeling) Jeff Hale Bob Knickerbocker Frank Robertson |
Narrated by | Paul Frees |
Music by | Richard Wagner |
Cinematography | John V. Fante Michael Wiese |
Distributed by | Pyramid Films |
October 16, 1978 | |
Running time | 13 minutes |
Country | United States |
Language | English |
Budget | $8,000 |
Box office | $1 million |
Hardware Wars is a 1978 short filmparody of a teasertrailer for the science fiction filmStar Wars. The thirteen-minute film, which was released almost 18 months after Star Wars, mainly consisted of inside jokes and visual puns that heavily depended upon audience familiarity with the original. The theme song is Richard Wagner's famous 'Ride of the Valkyries'.
Synopsis[edit]
The film begins with a Parody of the 20th Century Fox with 'Fox' being replaced with 'Foss'. Then the text 'Meanwhile — in another part of the galaxy — later that same day'. A household steam iron flies through space, fleeing a toaster, which fires toast at it. Two robots named 4-Q-2 (who looks like the Tin Man from the 1939 film The Wizard of Oz) and Arty-Deco (a canister vacuum cleaner), escape from the evil Empire. After launching from the ship (a cassette player) in an escape pod (a cassette tape), they land on a desert planet (a watermelon). They are found by young Fluke Starbucker (played by future multi-platinum award-winning music producerScott Mathews) who finds a video message saved on Arty-Deco. It is a loop of Princess Anne-Droid saying 'Help me, Augie Ben Doggie, you're my only hope.' Upon meeting Augie 'Ben' Doggie (of the venerable Red-Eye Knights), Fluke receives his father's lightsaber (a flashlight). After tricking the Imperial Steam Trooper guards (steam cabinets) to let them into the city, they reach a cantina, which Fluke describes as 'too weird'. The cantina is a country-and-western bar, where they meet space renegade Ham Salad and Chewchilla the Wookiee Monster (a puppet that resembles Cookie Monster from Sesame Street). Meanwhile, the villainous Darph Nader is interrogating the Princess. When she refuses to talk (mainly because she can't understand him; his speech is muffled by his welder's mask), he destroys her peaceful home planet, Basketball.
After a light-speed chase, Fluke, Ham, Augie, and the rest are sucked into the enemy base (a waffle iron) by a tractor beam. While the rest of the crew attempt to rescue the Princess from the base, Augie tries to shut off the tractor beam, which requires going to an exposed pylon and lowering a switch next to an animated picture of a farm tractor. After they rescue the Princess, Augie Ben Doggie chooses to stay behind to battle Darph Nader, and the rest of the group dismiss him as a 'martyr'. Their spaceship is assaulted by bits of tin-foil trash, which makes Chewchilla jittery until he spies Princess Anne-Droid's hair whorls, which are cinnamon rolls worn on the sides of her head. He eats one as the Princess looks on in disgust.
Fluke joins a squad of spaceships (corkscrews). He is told to 'trust your feelings' by the ghostly voice of Augie. The climactic destruction of the enemy base is not shown. The film ends with the voiceover, 'May the Farce be with you'. The very end of the credits state that the production was 'filmed on location in space', followed by a statement beginning 'All scenes depicting violence towards animals were deleted from the film.', reflecting the legal statement that was beginning to appear in film credits at that time.
Cast[edit]
- Frank Robertson as 4-Q-2
- Artie Deco as Himself
- Scott Mathews as Fluke Starbucker
- Jeff Hale as Augie 'Ben' Doggie
- Cindy Furgatch as Princess Anne-Droid
- Bob Knickerbocker as Ham Salad
- Ernie Fosselius in miscellaneous roles
Narration[edit]
Voices[edit]
- Sonny Buddy Jr.
- Cindy Furgatch
- Walt Kraemer
Production[edit]
Hardware Wars was written and directed by San Francisco native Ernie Fosselius and produced by Michael Wiese. It was structured as a mock movie trailer, and Fosselius even secured narration from veteran voice-over artist Paul Frees. Fosselius capitalised on his budget limitations by using deliberately ridiculous household objects as props; spaceships were represented with such items as steam irons, toasters and cassette recorders, and the lightsaber of 'Fluke Starbucker' was a flashlight. The characters, played by actors who were just as low-budget as the props, were also parodied in name and appearance; for example, Chewbacca the Wookiee was replaced by 'Chewchilla the Wookiee Monster,' an obvious Cookie Monster puppet, dyed brown, and Darth Vader's counterpart, 'Darph Nader' (also a parody of consumer protection advocate Ralph Nader), wore a welding helmet that distorted his voice so much that no one could understand anything he said. Other notable characters include 'Ham Salad,' 'Augie Ben Doggie,' 'Princess Anne-Droid,' and the drones, 4-Q-2 (who resembles the Tin Woodman from The Wizard of Oz) and 'Arty Deco' (an antique canister vacuum cleaner).Upon completion, Scott Mathews vowed to never act in another film again, saying; 'I'm goin' out on top, baby!'
Post Production[edit]
Although 'Hardware Wars' was a spoof, the creators found a very talented post-production crew. The visual effects department consisted of John Allardice, Andy Lesniak, Glen David Miller, and Fred Tepper. John Allardice has since gone on to work on huge films such as $100 million grossing film 'Girl with the Dragon Tattoo.' Andy Lesniak went on to work on many films most notably Man of Steel. Glen David Miller and Fred Tepper would go on to work on Titanic together. Along with writing and directing the film Ernie Fosselius did puppet work, served as lead animator, and lead editor. Although Ernie did not have much success in these areas he did end up having a good career as a sound recordist and editor and has credits on Dragon: the Bruce Lee Story and ironically, 'Spaceballs'.
Technical Specifications[edit]
Runtime: 13 min (USA)
Sound Mix: Mono. Color: Color
Aspect Ratio: 1.33:1
Negative Format: 16 mm
Cinematographic Process: Spherical
Printed Film Format: 16 mm
Soundtrack[edit]
The soundtrack for 'Hardware Wars' was performed by the Württemberg Philharmonic Orchestra, conducted by Jonel Perlea, and only featured one song titled 'Ride of the Valkyries' originally by Richard Wagner. This song from Wagner's epic opera 'Der Ring des Nibelungen', appears in famous films such as 'Apocalypse Now', which is quite ironic as this film is a spoof trailer while Wagner's music is world renowned as a marvel of opera.
Legacy[edit]
When 'Hardware Wars' premiered in 1978 it was the first of its kind, the first ever 'Star Wars' parody. As noted in Shock Cinema Magazine 'Hardware Wars' 'laid the groundwork for every DIY movie send up that now pops up on YouTube… Premiering when George Lucas's cash cow was still filling the theaters, it quickly became a pre-VCR, word-of-mouth phenomenon.'[1] This idea of a spoof movie seems so commonplace these days, but in 1978 it was quite a new approach. The idea of a 'Star Wars' spoof became very popular and countless more parodies were created notably including the 'Family Guy' feature length episode 'Blue Harvest', 'George Lucas In Love', and 'Spaceballs'. The creators of 'Hardware Wars', Ernie Fosselius and Michael Wiese seemed to realize their influence on future 'Star Wars' spoofs , particularly on 'Spaceballs'. As noted on 'salon.com[2]', 'After the success of 'Hardware Wars,' Wiese and Fosselius resisted the temptation to produce more sci-fi spoofs. 'At one time, someone did offer to finance a full-length feature of 'Hardware Wars,' but we passed,' Wiese says. 'We always knew it was a one-joke movie and wouldn't sustain that length. Of course that didn't stop Mel Brooks from 'quoting' us -- some might say ripping us off -- with 'Spaceballs.' This shows how influential 'Hardware Wars' was over the legendary 'Spaceballs'. 'Hardware Wars' Truly inspired the 'Star Wars' spoof trend that is still very much alive over 40 years later.
Reception[edit]
According to tested.com Hardware Wars 'was the first parody of Lucas' space opera (Star Wars'--and reportedly one he (George Lucas) enjoyed.'[3] According to the book 'Hollywood's Copyright Wars' by Peter Decherney Hardware Wars created an environment where 'George Lucas and his company have acknowledged and embraced fans of their franchise'[4] and have often showcased fan made films, including Hardware Wars.
Hardware Wars won over 15 first-place film festival awards, including the award for Most Popular Short Film at the Chicago Film Festival. It is considered to be the most profitable short film of all time, grossing US$1,000,000; considering its paltry US$8,000 budget, its profit ratio was much better than Star Wars. George Lucas said in a 1999 interview on the UK's The Big Breakfast television show that Hardware Wars was his favorite Star Wars parody.[5]
In 2003, the film was honored by Lucasfilm when it was given the Pioneer Award at that year's Official Star Wars Fan Film Awards. In August 2010, Time magazine listed it as one of the Top 10 Star Wars fan films.[6]
In 2017, Rian Johnson paid tribute to it by referencing it in the Star Wars film The Last Jedi in a scene in which a robotic steam iron is briefly framed to resemble a landing spaceship. Johnson said that John Williams had enjoyed creating a bombastic music cue to match the iron descending on a uniform.[7]
The fact that Hardware Wars has been received by George Lucas and the Star Wars franchise in general is sure to have made Hardware Wars creators Michael Wise and Ernie fosselius very happy as the main purpose for creating this film was to meet George Lucas as Michael Wise stated in the book 'Producers on Producing: The Making of Film and Television' by Irv Broughton. Philips spc230nc windows 10 driver. In the book Michael Wiese states 'When Ernie Fosselius and I originally made the film we had no idea what to do with it. Gone home game mac download. We just wanted to meet George Lucas, who had made Star Wars. That would have been fine.'[8]
In Time Out New York, critic Andrew Johnston wrote: 'Thanks to Digital Domain, Hardware Wars now includes a fleet of Corkscrew Fighters as well as effects that parody Lucas's additions to the Tatooine sequence in the first film. The contrast between the slick new effects and the bargain-basement old ones adds a new level of satire to the film and nicely spoofs some of Lucas's less-than-seamless changes to his own film.'[9]
As of April 2020 Hardware Wars has an audience score of 68%[10] on American film rating website Rotten Tomatoes.
Video releases[edit]
Hardware Wars had originally been available on film from Pyramid Films. It was first made available commercially on home video with the Warner Home Video release Hardware Wars, and Other Film Farces, which also included another Fosselius parody, Porklips Now. The tape also included Closet Cases of the Nerd Kind and the animation classic Bambi Meets Godzilla.
To spoof the 'Special Edition' re-release of Star Wars in 1997, which included additional scenes and more advanced digital special effects, Hardware Wars was re-released on VHS as a twenty-minute 'Special Edition,' with new digital 'special defects.' Fosselius did not participate or approve of this release, as noted in a disclaimer on the packaging. Conan exiles star metal locations map.
The film was released on DVD in 2002 in its original form, with commentary tracks and other special features.
It was later released on DVD again by Apprehensive Films for its 30th Anniversary. This release is approved and licensed from Ernie Fosselius.
References[edit]
Star Wars Despecialized Ebay
- ^'Weimar Cinema on DVD', Shell Shock Cinema, Princeton University Press, pp. 251–266, 2009-12-31, doi:10.1515/9781400831197-011, ISBN978-1-4008-3119-7
- ^''Hardware Wars': The movie, the legend, the household appliances'. Salon. 2002-05-22. Retrieved 2020-04-28.
- ^'May the Farce Be with You - Tested.com'. Tested. Retrieved 2020-04-29.
- ^Decherney, Peter (2013-09-01). Hollywood's Copyright Wars: From Edison to the Internet. Columbia University Press. ISBN978-0-231-15947-0.
- ^Calhoun, Bob (May 21, 2002). 'Hardware Wars: The movie, the legend, the household appliances'. Salon. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
- ^The Top 10 Star Wars Fan Films, Time.com, August 24, 2010, retrieved September 15, 2010
- ^Ryan, Mike. 'Rian Johnson Confirms The Dorkiest Reference In 'The Last Jedi''. Uproxx. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
- ^Broughton, Irv (2001-09-04). Producers on Producing: The Making of Film and Television. McFarland. ISBN978-0-7864-1207-5.
- ^Johnston, Andrew (April 10, 1997). 'Tooling Around'. Time Out New York.
- ^Hardware Wars (2009), retrieved 2020-04-29
External links[edit]
- Hardware Wars on Pyramid Media The official licenser of Hardware Wars
- Hardware Wars on IMDb
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hardware_Wars&oldid=976637590'